Vocabulary

Words to know:

Autotroph- can make its own food Heterotroph - Can not make its own food Homeostasis - maintaining constant internal conditions ("staying the same") Excretion - To get rid of wastes Regulation - the process of keeping things in balance and coordinating activities Synthesis - to make Reproduction - To make more individuals of a species Growth - to increase in size Respiration - The process of releasing the energy in food Nutrition - how an organism takes in food Transport - how an organism moves materials throughout the body Independent variable - the variable of an experiment that is changed by the experimenter ( "I" change) Dependent variable - the variable that changes as a result of the independent variable Control group - the setup of an experiment that does not change

Magnification - the apparent enlargement of an item Resolution - the ability of a microscope to show 2 close points as separate Field of view - the portion of the slide that you see when looking through the microscope Micrometer - the unit of measurement when working with microscopes 1mm=1,000 micrometers

Organic - contains both hydrogen and carbon Enzymes - help chemical reactions Catalyst - another name for an enzyme Amino acids - The building blocks of proteins Simple sugars - The building blocks of carbohydrates Nucleotides - the building blocks of nucleic acids

Prokaryotic - a cell with no nucleus Eukaryotic - a cell having a nucleus Nucleus- the control center of the cell;contains the DNA Mitochondria - the power house of the cell;makes energy for the cell Ribosomes - where proteins are made Cell membrane - controls what goes in and out of the cell;made of proteins and lipids E/R-pathway for materials in the cell;site of many chemical reactions Vacuole - stores materials in the cell Lysosome - digests materials in the cell Centriole - only in animal cells;plays a role in cell division Chloroplast - only in plant cells;site of photosynthesis (where food is made) Cell wall - only in plant cells;supports and protects the cell Simple diffusion - Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration - no energy required Facilitated diffusion - Diffusion with the help of transport proteins-no energy required Osmosis - Diffusion of water across a membrane - no energy required Active transport - Movement of molecules from low to high concentration - energy required (ATP) Anaerobic respiration - respiration without oxygen Aerobic respiration - Respiration with oxygen Fermentation - another name for aerobic respiration - the two types are alcoholic and lactic acid